Discuss important work measurement techniques

February 17, 2024 entranciology IGNOU Assignments Questions and Answers, IGNOU Questions and Answers, M.A. (Public Administration) Assignment Questions and Answers, M.A. (Public Administration) Questions and Answers 0

Work measurement techniques are essential tools used by organizations to analyze and quantify the amount of time and effort required to perform various tasks or activities. These techniques help organizations improve productivity, set standards, allocate resources effectively, and optimize workflow processes. There are several important work measurement techniques commonly used in various industries. Below, we’ll discuss some of these techniques in detail.

Time Study

  • Time study is one of the most widely used work measurement techniques. It involves observing and recording the time taken by a worker to perform a specific task or activity using a stopwatch or a time-tracking device.
  • The data collected during time studies are used to calculate the standard time required to perform the task, taking into account factors such as machine pace, worker fatigue, and any allowances for rest breaks or personal time.

Predetermined Motion Time Systems (PMTS)

  • Predetermined motion time systems, such as the Most, Maynard Operation Sequence Technique (MOST), and Work Factor (WF) System, are based on predetermined times established for specific motions or movements involved in performing a task.
  • These systems use predetermined time values for various basic motions, such as reaching, grasping, lifting, and transporting, to calculate the total time required to complete a task based on the sequence of motions involved.

Work Sampling

  • Work sampling, also known as activity sampling or time and motion study, involves periodically observing and recording the activities of workers at random intervals to estimate the proportion of time spent on different tasks or activities.
  • Unlike time studies, which involve continuous observation, work sampling provides a snapshot of work activities over a period of time and can be used to analyze work patterns, identify bottlenecks, and allocate resources more effectively.
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Standard Data Method (SDM)

  • The Standard Data Method (SDM) is a work measurement technique that uses predetermined times for specific tasks or activities based on standardized data tables or databases.
  • SDM relies on established time values for various elements of work, such as manual operations, machine operations, and delays, to calculate the total time required to perform a task.

Analytical Estimating

  • Analytical estimating involves breaking down a task or activity into its individual components or elements and estimating the time required to perform each element based on historical data, expert judgment, or engineering analysis.
  • This technique is often used for complex tasks or projects where it may not be feasible to conduct time studies or use predetermined motion time systems.

Activity-Based Costing (ABC)

  • Activity-Based Costing (ABC) is a work measurement technique that assigns costs to specific activities or processes based on their consumption of resources. ABC helps organizations understand the cost drivers of various activities and allocate resources more effectively.
  • By identifying the cost of each activity, ABC enables organizations to prioritize activities, eliminate non-value-added tasks, and optimize resource allocation to improve efficiency and reduce costs.

Gantt Charts

  • Gantt charts are visual tools used to schedule and manage tasks or activities over time. They provide a graphical representation of project timelines, showing the start and end dates of tasks, dependencies between tasks, and progress against planned deadlines.
  • While not a direct work measurement technique, Gantt charts help organizations track and manage work activities, allocate resources, and monitor progress to ensure tasks are completed on schedule.

In conclusion, work measurement techniques are essential tools for organizations to analyze, quantify, and optimize work processes. Time study, predetermined motion time systems, work sampling, standard data method, analytical estimating, activity-based costing, and Gantt charts are important techniques used to measure and manage work activities effectively. By implementing these techniques, organizations can improve productivity, set standards, allocate resources efficiently, and optimize workflow processes to achieve their strategic objectives.

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